Greenhouse Gas Reductions
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions is essential to securing the future of our food system.
That’s why, in addition to working to increase the energy efficiency of our stores, facilities and operations, we’re working with suppliers to help accelerate their carbon-reduction efforts and mitigate the carbon impact of our supply chain and the products on our shelves.

Bovaer Feed Additive:
Tackling Methane at the Source
Cattle are responsible for a significant share of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. When cows digest feed, microorganisms in their stomachs produce methane, which is released through belching. This "enteric methane" is one of the largest and most difficult-to-address sources of emissions in the dairy supply chain.
In 2025, Whole Foods Market funded the inclusion of Bovaer, a precision feed additive, in dairy cow diets at farms supplying Darigold and Dairy Farmers of America. Bovaer works by inhibiting the enzyme that produces methane in a cow's stomach, reducing enteric methane emissions. The additive has been extensively studied, is approved for use in multiple countries and does not affect milk quality or animal health.
Critically, the funding flows directly to farmers as an additional revenue stream, lowering the financial barrier to adopting a practice that benefits the climate without requiring farmers to change how they raise their animals.

Alternative Manure Management: Separating the Problem at its Source
Most methane from dairy operations doesn't come from the cows themselves, it comes from how manure is stored. When manure sits in wet, oxygen-free conditions (like lagoons or tanks), methane-producing microorganisms thrive.
Solid-liquid separation offers a solution. Mechanical equipment — screw presses, screens, or centrifuges — separates manure into solid and liquid components before storage. The solids, once separated, are drier and exposed to air, which deactivates methane-producing microorganisms. The remaining liquid contains far fewer methane-producing solids and releases much less methane during storage. The process also reduces odor, improves the fertilizer value of manure and prevents sludge buildup in storage lagoons.
Yet adoption remains limited, largely because of cost. They require upfront investment in equipment, installation and maintenance and few programs offer financial support to help farmers adopt them. That's exactly where Whole Foods Market's investment comes in. Through inset credits with Darigold, Dairy Farmers of America and California Dairies, we're funding the installation of this equipment on farms, with payments going directly to farmers as an additional revenue stream. By absorbing the upfront cost, grocery-funded insetting accelerates adoption and lowers the barrier to entry for practices that benefit the entire supply chain.

Organic Valley Insetting:
A Shared Value Chain Model for Decarbonization
Most supply chain decarbonization efforts follow a familiar pattern: one company funds one project on one farm. But what if retailers, brands and distributors split the investment?
That's the premise behind Whole Foods Market's work with Organic Valley, Stonyfield and UNFI. Through Organic Valley's insetting program, emissions reductions are achieved on-farm through three interventions: lower-carbon energy, improved manure management and soil health practices. What makes this project unique is the co-claiming model — WFM (retailer), Stonyfield (brand) and UNFI (distributor) each invest in and claim a share of the resulting inset credits, with funding flowing directly to farmers as an additional revenue stream.
This vertical value chain approach demonstrates a lower-cost, more collaborative way to drive supply chain decarbonization. Rather than each company building its own program from scratch, shared investment across the value chain makes on-farm climate action more affordable and more scalable.

Renewable Diesel: Decarbonizing the Equipment That Farms run on
Climate conversations in agriculture tend to focus on cows and crops, but farms run on diesel. Tractors, harvesters, dryers and spreaders consume significant amounts of fossil fuel, and those emissions add up across a national supply chain.
In 2025, Whole Foods Market partnered with Amazon to reduce emissions from on-farm equipment (tractors, harvesters, dryers) by applying Environmental Attribute Certificates (EACs) for renewable diesel made from used cooking oil. EACs are verified, market-based instruments that represent specific environmental benefits, such as one metric ton of avoided CO₂ emissions from a certified project.
Renewable diesel is chemically identical to petroleum diesel (meaning it works in existing engines without modification) but can produce lower carbon emissions because it's derived from waste feedstocks rather than fossil sources.
This partnership is notable for two reasons. First, it extends Whole Foods Market's supply chain decarbonization work beyond livestock and manure into the energy that powers farm operations. Second, it leverages Amazon's broader expertise in low-carbon fuel procurement and logistics and represents a tangible example of how Whole Foods Market's position within Amazon creates unique opportunities to accelerate climate action across the food system.